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Alternative names, keywords
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Mitochondrial antibody, M2 antibody, smooth muscle antibody, liver-kidney-microsomal antibody, LKM antibody.
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Samples required
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 Clotted blood (gold cap, 5 mL tube). Smaller tubes are available for paediatric samples.
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Test indications
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Investigation of possible autoimmune liver disease.
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Test information
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Indirect immunofluorescence test using liver-kidney-stomach substrate which reports the following:
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Information |
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ANA
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Suitable only for investigation of liver disease, NOT for connective tissue disease. For CTD, please request ANA screen.
Where staining is observed, samples will automatically be tested for ANA by Hep2 immunofluorescence. Positive Hep2 staining (usually homogeneous) may be associated with autoimmune hepatitis.
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Smooth muscle antibody
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Positive results are associated with autoimmune, viral and drug-induced hepatitis.
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Liver-kidney-microsomal antibody
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Positive results are associated with autoimmune hepatitis.
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Mitochondrial antibody
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Positive staining on this test needs to be confirmed using a second-line test – results will follow.
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M2 antibody
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Performed by immunoassay; positive results are associated with primary biliary cholangitis.
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Method: Indirect immunofluorescence with Hep2 substrate.
M2 antibody: Phadia 250 ELIA
Please note that this test is not accredited by UKAS.
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Reference range
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Analyte
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Report
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ANA
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Negative, or cascaded to ANA by Hep2 IIF method.
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Smooth muscle antibody
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Negative, weak positive or positive.
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Liver-kidney-microsomal antibody
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Negative, weak positive or positive.
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Mitochondrial antibody
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Negative, weak positive or positive.
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M2 antibody
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Negative, equivocal or positive.
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Turnaround time
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14 days.
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Enquiries
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Immunology (Referrals)
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Referred to Immunology, St Richard's Hospital, Chichester PO19 6SE.